d.) On December 8, 1941 (the day after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor), Alan Lomax, then "assistant in charge" of the Archive of American Folk Song (now the American Folklife Center archive), sent a telegram to fieldworkers in ten different localities across the United States, asking them to collect "man-on-the-street" reactions of ordinary Americans to the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the subsequent declaration of war by the United States. c.) They underestimated Japan's ability to project military force in the Pacific. Through the end of World War II the United States would use it to provide a total of some $50 billion in aid (equal to $690 billion in 2020 dollars) to more than 30 nations around the globe, from . C. A large number of African Americans migrated there from the South to work in the factories. Did not destroy all ships/ d.) 1,584cc air-cooled OHV flat 4-cylinder engine Single Solex 34 PICT 3 carburetor 46bhp at 4,000rpm 4-speed manual transmission 4-wheel independent suspension 4-wheel hydraulic drum brakes *Lots of dealer installed options *Complete with top, side curtains, and wooden floormats *Nary a more perfect summer ride exists The Type 181The Thing Volkswagen's "Thing" had its roots in a military . A major factor that led to US involvement in World War II was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. TTY: 202.488.0406, In 1929, immigration was further limited to a total of 153,879 and the new quotas were re-calculated using complicated math based on the existing national origins of the population as reflected in the 1920 census and the new immigration cap. (spendthrift; thrifty). B. WACs coordinated recruiting efforts for all of the armed services. Faced with Congressional inaction, he issued a statement, known as the "Truman Directive," on December 22, 1945, announcing that DPs would be granted priority for US visas within the existing quota system. Polling also showed that more Americans supported immigration limits on Jewish DPs than on Germans who had left their homes fleeing Soviet occupation. How was the federal government able to borrow money from U.S. citizens? To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer and guides. President Truman feared a second Japanese attack on American soil. The overall impact of such public policies was almost incalculable, but it certainly aided returning veterans to better themselves and to begin forming families and having children in unprecedented numbers. Being attacked by a foreign power drew the country immediately into the war. The Senate did not believe the emergency warranted this dramatic step but was willing to significantly restrict the number of immigrants allowed to enter the United States. Copyright 2023 Facing History & Ourselves. D. a German airborne force who rescued Mussolini from a mountaintop fortress in Italy. D. To free Australia from Japanese occupation it eliminated Japan's main refueling station for its air force. How did the Nazi regime differ most from the Japanese government in the 1930s? The preamble mentions "the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind." ____________________ Petra prefers water-skiing and is quite good at it. President Roosevelt helped increase employment opportunities for African Americans when he C) The Nazis' anti-Semitic propaganda campaign was popular in America. Positive The United States signed the United Nations Refugee Protocol on November 6, 1968. The postwar world also presented Americans with a number of problems and issues. D) three quarters, The Jewish population of Romania was reduced by approximately 1942: Feb. 19. contributing to a "black market" for consumer goods. c.) The sketch shown above is of "The Unconquered People," and describes the European resistance to Adolph Hitler and Germany on the part of . The executive branch of the U.S. government was given unprecedented authority with Truman, disappointed by the limited reach of the act, said that he would have vetoed it had Congress been in session, but signed the act so there would be some legislation to aid displaced persons, rather than none. B. He feared the other Americans would try to establish a permanent presence in Eastern Europe. Battle of the Atlantic: September 3, 1939 to May 8, 1945. A) the participation of the United States. The 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol expanded the 1951 Refugee Convention, which had originally limited the definition of refugee to people who had been displaced in Europe prior to 1951. C.It endorsed national self-determination for the post-war world. D. He believed that cutting off Germany's shipping routes on the Atlantic was the key to winning the war. Also included are biographies of the fieldworkers who conducted and arranged the interviews, complete transcripts of the interviews, related manuscripts, and original disc sleeves. The so-called Zoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles in 1943 were a result of It is our obligation to our deadit is our sacred obligation to their children and to our childrenthat we must never forget what we have learned. They were chosen randomly. B. Why do you think Roosevelt compared the Germans to gangsters? B. D. The population stayed roughly the same as auto factories were converted to produce munitions. c.) b.) D. the establishment of internment camps for resident aliens. B. destroy ships and planes that threatened their expansion efforts. ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. When did the United States enter World War II? designated certain areas as war zones. B) the end of World War II. "As a business owner, I had to begin to deduct a federal income tax from my employees' paychecks. Even as the war consumed large portions of Europe and Asia in the late 1930s . "Corporations and business owners used the assembly line to tackle production on a massive scale. Which policy best demonstrates appeasement during the 1930s? "Over 90% of us were relocated against our will to assembly centers during the war." c.) D. The most pressing threat, the Allieds decided in the beginning, was Hitler's Germany. By capturing nearby islands, the U.S. could install military bases to keep Japan in check. What event led to the House and Senate voting to declare war? refugees and displaced persons constitute an urgent problem which is international in scope and character and while displaced persons should be returned home, refugees should be assisted by international action. Students view the film, analyze a primary source from the Oyneg Shabes archive, and consider why it matters who tells the stories of the Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto. Based on this graph and your knowledge of history, the growth in U.S. employment was sparked by What factors after 1939 led to US involvement in World War II? b.) In particular, World War II led many women to take jobs in defense plants and factories around the country. A. A) U.S. delegate to the League of Nations Planning for the post-World War II world began before the United States even entered the conflict. C. The safety of Japanese Americans was threatened because most of the Japanese American community lived in war zones. buying and selling coupon books for rationed goods. a.) When World War I broke out across Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the United States would remain neutral, and many Americans supported . The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. Virtually none of the fighting had taken place on U.S. soil. recruit men for the military services. a.) What demographic effects did the war have on northern cities such as Detroit and Chicago? ensure cooperation between the major powers of the world. 182, 186) exempted noncitizen service members from naturalization requirements related to age, race, residence, any educational tests, fees . "Since the government guaranteed a profit on sales, our corporation accepted a defense contract." If a sentence has no predicate adjective, write None on the line provided. Included in this presentation are Pete Seeger's "Dear Mr. President" and "The Martins and Coys.". D. He issued an order to desegregate the military. Choose the statement that best describes a reason President Truman decided to drop atomic bombs on Japan. It was scattered and disorganized. b.) Select an argument used to oppose U.S. involvement in World War II. The result is a portrait of everyday life in America as the United States entered World War II. D. American women and minorities found new opportunities. Through the government's bracero program, In this way, refugees and immigrants were still tied together in US immigration law. . To convince islanders to support the United States against Japan "As a business owner, I had to begin to deduct a federal income tax from my employees' paychecks. After learning about the Armenian Genocide, students reflect on the writing prompt a second time by adding a historical lense. Facing History & Ourselves uses lessons of history to challenge teachers and their students to stand up to bigotry and hate. Pete Seeger playing banjo, 1948. The relationship between the Allies was complicated by The main function of the federal Office of War Information was to B. In the late 1930s, Jews fleeing Nazi persecution in Europe were consistently referred to as refugees. However, this term had no legal meaning under US law, save for theoretically exempting these immigrants from having to pass a literacy test. The United States remained neutral in . D) the beginning of World War II. What major advantage did the United States possess over the Soviet Union following the war? ", Choose the statement that describes an economic consequence of the United States as an "arsenal of democracy." After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? This was the first time refugees gained distinct legal status under international law. After the war, the United States Life in the United States began to return to normal. On June 5, 1941, diplomats abroad were cautioned that visas would soon be denied to applicants with close relatives remaining in German-occupied countries. America Declares War on Germany. Experts believe that if Japan didn't attack Pearl Harbor, then America probably would not have been involved in World War II. "Despite wartime mobilization, we continued to feel the negative effects of the Great Depression. ", d.) founded the United Service Organizations. A.Germany was able to take over much of Europe by 1940. d.) Several bills were introduced to aid refugees; many more were introduced to curb or end immigration. all of Japan's aircraft carriers were mistakenly directed to Guam. In the following sentences, underline the gerund. After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? African American workers were paid the same wages as whites. General Bradley had less experience in launching amphibious attacks. B. Almost every country in the world participated in World War II.Most were neutral at the beginning, but only a relatively few nations remained neutral to the end. C) mobilization brought economic benefits to the United States. A. defectors from the Soviet Union. Fears of infiltration and espionage led to additional restrictions on visa applicants. d.) Which was effectively an economic declaration of war against Germany and the Axis Powers? After the United States entered World War II Congress acted to provide for the expedited naturalization of noncitizens serving honorably in the U.S. Armed Forces. c.) The _____ was a turning point in the war between the United States and Japan and first demonstrated the success of the island-hopping strategy. D. A) the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights As a consequence, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and American women became more aggressive in trying to win their full freedoms and civil rights as guaranteed by the Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution during the postwar era. A. C. an African American air squadron that conducted bombing raids over Europe. The Second War Powers Act of 1942 (56 Stat. Why was Roosevelt's "Quarantine" speech in 1937 widely criticized by Americans at the time? While the United States had remained neutral in the war, it responded to Japans aggression in Asia with economic sanctions that caused severe shortages of natural resources that the Japanese needed for their war effort. The Vietnam War is the commonly used name for the Second Indochina War, 1954-1975. Those who have committed crimes against peace, war crimes, or non-political crimes outside of their country of refuge, are not eligible for refugee status. The United States Enters World War II. . They included Jews who had survived the Holocaust and many others who were fleeing the Soviet control. give each member state an equal say in world affairs. One important effect of the D-Day invasion was that A. C. Isolationists thought aid would help end the Depression; interventionists thought aid would prolong the Depression. Hitler 's greatest strategic disadvantage in opposing the Allies' imminent reentry into Europe lay in the immense stretch of Germany 's conquests, from the west coast of France to the east coast of Greece. C. Did not destroy all airfare a.) "Because taxes on income were lowered for the middle class, the wealthy, like my family, bore the brunt of funding the war effort. C. generate support for the war effort and boost morale through the media. American concerns over Japanese aggression in the Pacific. We are now to a certain extent protected on our flanks. d.) Not all Americans participated equally in these expanding life opportunities and in the growing economic prosperity. They had significant military value that helped to keep Japan in the war. Japanese attack Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, a territory of the US. C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. The War Manpower Commission, a Federal Agency established to increase the manufacture of war materials, had the . This was the first time refugees gained distinct legal status under international law. c.) D. Japanese Americans feared that Japan would try to punish them for siding with the United States in the war. They were historically significant. "My factory converted its production lines to produce bombers, and we hired more workers. A. new Geneva Convention agreements about prisoners. After the United States intervened militarily in Vietnam in the mid-1960s, however, this political consensus began to break down. answer choices. Without any significant factual evidence, the government perceived Japanese Americans as being a threat to national security. C. Although the IRO constitution was drawn up in December 1946, the organization did not begin work until 1948, when the nations paying the majority of the IROs expenses had ratified the constitution. C. Passive B) limited the number of Jewish refugees allowed entry into the United States. For this reason, the Library has edited the Washington, D.C., audiotapes and transcripts to remove interviewee names. 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW Industry stopped . "We were forced by the government to move from California because they feared we might be capable of sabotage or espionage. . The entry of the United States into World War II caused vast changes in virtually every aspect of American life. helping drive them out of the Soviet Union. "As the war continued, the supply of weaponry became greater than demand and prices fell." C. Many Americans felt he was simply trying to postpone the inevitable war in Europe. Otherwise, the recordings are presented as they were originally recorded. The 1953 Refugee Relief Act defined refugee (someone in a non-Communist country fleeing persecution), escapee (someone fleeing communism), and expellee" (an ethnic German forced out of Eastern Europe). laborers migrated from Mexico to work in factories in the North. D. less expansion, What were Japan's two mistakes in Pearl Harbor? Before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, however, Americans were seriously divided over what the role of the United States in the war should be, or if it should even have a role at all. The War against Poland: Speed and Brutality, The Jewish Ghettos: Separated from the World. his successful campaigns in North Africa and Sicily. Pete Seeger and Huddie Ledbetter (Leadbelly) recorded original songs for the "Dear Mr. President" interviews. He motivated Americans and established agencies to direct mobilization. This request resulted in approximately four and one half hours of recordings that were used to create a fifteen-minute radio program for the Mutual Broadcasting System. The labor demands of war industries caused millions more Americans to move--largely to the Atlantic, Pacific . He warned that there were "hard and bitter days ahead," but pledged that the United States and its allies would "have Ukraine's back" as the war . D. demonstrate their support for Germany and Italy. D. Interventionists thought aid would help end the SAN FRANCISCO When Miya Iwataki and other Japanese Americans fought in the 1980s for the U.S. government to apologize to families it imprisoned during World War II, Black politicians and civil rights leaders were integral to the movement. 2. D. Japan feeling threatened by the U.S. presence in Asia and the Pacific. After World War II began in 1939, the State Department cautioned consular officials to exercise particular care in screening applicants: "In view of the international situation, it is essential that all aliens seeking admission into the United States, including both immigrants and nonimmigrants be examined with the greatest care. Visa applicants were required to submit moral affidavits, attesting to their identities and good conduct, from several responsible disinterested persons, in addition to financial affidavits. In the twenty years following 1945, there was a broad political consensus concerning the Cold War and anti-Communism. Why was the United States reluctant to launch a land invasion of Japan? ffidavits, attesting to their identities and good conduct, from several responsible disinterested persons, in addition to financial affidavits. D) forced Jews out of their homes and into tightly cramped ghettoes. At the last minute, the Senate rejected the Houses proposed amendment, which would have made a distinction between immigrants and refugees by exempting immigrants who could prove they were escaping political or racial persecution. Admiral Nimitz was able to secure a decisive victory against the Japanese naval forces at the Battle of Midway because Which U.S. government agency was formed as a response to the news that the Soviet Union had detonated a nuclear device? In the final phases of World War II in Europe, "The government paid most of the costs for my company to convert to wartime production. B. the Munich Pact C. Choose the statement that describes a cause of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Choose which phrase was a factor in President Truman's decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan. With men off to fight a worldwide war across the Atlantic and the Pacific, women were called to take their place on the production line. World War II changed both the type of work women did and the volume at which they did it. It would be difficult to make them surrender. classified them as enemy combatants. concur\hspace{1cm}_______ing \hspace{1cm}______ed \hspace{1cm}______ent\hspace{1cm}______ence, Identify the following term or individual and explain their significance. What position did Eleanor Roosevelt take up after the war? A large number of African Americans left there to work in shipyards on the West Coast. Visual evidence of the Holocaust, shown in popular magazines, newspapers and movie theater newsreels, did not change Americans minds towards immigration or refugees. Choose the statement that best reflects the experiences of African Americans after the United States entered World War II. These laws did not change in the 1930s, as desperate Jewish refugees attempted to immigrate from Nazi Germany. C. What did the existence of kamikaze pilots reveal about the Japanese military? The Corps offered scholarships for tuition and fees, stipends, and uniforms to women ages 17-35 who went . c.) As a result, the quota for the British Isles rose from 34,007 to 65,721, while the quota for Germany fell significantly, from 51,227 to 25,957. By 1948, a new form of international tension had emerged--Cold War--between the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies. A combination of presidential directives and congressional legislation aided other specific groups of refugees. The United States did not immediately adopt a consistent refugee policy in the wake of World War II, instead patching together various immigration, refugee, and displaced persons legislation for temporary fixes to address specific crises. What was the effect of Hitler's blitzkrieg tactics? banned resident aliens from owning property. Although the war began with Nazi Germany's attack on Poland in September 1939, the United States did not enter the war until after the Japanese bombed the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. . D. C. a pact signed by Great Britain and the United States agreeing to avoid entangling alliances with the Soviet Union According to Roosevelt, what principles was the United States fighting for? Pages 4 Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. Place the events related to World War II in the correct sequence, following the signing of a mutual defense treaty by Japan and Germany. In 1948, President Truman demonstrated major support for the Jewish cause by British concerns over its border security in the Atlantic. On December 7, 1941 Japanese forces attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, inflicting heavy casualties and severe damage to the United States naval forces anchored there. . On July 1, 1941, the same day that the new relatives rule went into effect, the State Department centralized all alien visa control in Washington. Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. B. a victory by Filipino soldiers over the Japanese. d.) C. Throughout the 1930s, most Americans opposed changing or adjusting the Johnson-Reed Act, fearing that immigrants, including those fleeing persecution, would compete for scarce jobs and burden public services in the midst of the Great Depression. In 1921 and 1924, the US Congress passed immigration laws that severely limited the number and national origin of new immigrants. B. Soldiers began to come home and find peacetime jobs. B. What did the dictators of totalitarian systems have in common? The Refugee Act of 1980 remains in effect. 3, Two days later, on December 11, 1941, Adolf Hitler declared war on the United States, and Benito Mussolini of Italy followed suit. ", b.) D. B. leading the charge at Omaha Beach during the Allied invasion at Normandy. C. To seize islands vital to Japanese transportation and communication. A. gain control of the Hawaiian Islands. D) the division of Germany into communist and non-communist sectors. The 1951 Convention defines the obligations of signatory nations to refugees, and vice versa. A. The Battle of Midway is considered one of the major turning points of the war because B. American military officials knew that many Japanese soldiers would rather die than surrender. What ultimately prevented the Nazis from conquering Great Britain in 1940? A. Isolationists thought aid would bring us into war; interventionists thought aid would keep us out of the war. A) officially recognizing the state of Israel. . Which series of events is arranged in the correct chronological order?

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