Trust me, youll notice it then! Honey is comprised of both sugar and water. As multiple soap molecules attach themselves to the same piece of dirt, they eventually break it down into tiny particles, which then can easily be washed away [source: Stenesh]. Microorganisms have limits to the pH level that they can grow in, just like they have limits with water availability. It doesn't matter if you're talking about bar soap, shampoo, dish soap or laundry detergent -- the same thing happens when you mix any of them with air and water. (01. Natural preservative options are formulated with a plant-derived compound called caprylyl. These Are the Only 3 Skincare Products a Dermatologist Says We All Need. Innovations that help take your products to the next level. [] as sodium lauryl sulfate, commonly found in many shampoos and toothpastes. Like SCI, the SLSA produces very high quality long-lasting foam. Alkyl polyglucoside has been compared to other comparable surfactants and shows higher performance in various tests including soil removal, foaming and emulsifying potential, filming, and anti-streaking. To be [], [] Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke & Their Effects. View the chart on the below for some common pathogenic microorganisms and their pH growth levels. Dimension: 10.5 x 2 x 6.8 inches. SLES is a marginally different story but SLES itself isnt carcinogenic. That means it is also a chemical substance that reduces the surface tension in water. Several thermodynamic and transport properties of . The foaming properties of most APGs are reasonable, as they are not as rich and copious as conventional SLES/betaine blends. Surfactants are usually organic molecules that have a hydrophobic (water-hating) end, and a hydrophilic (water-loving) end. Without water, microbes, including the most adaptive and pathogenic microbes like many types of viruses, cannot survive. You will then test the soap you made for its pH and foaming ability. Microbes like bacteria, mold, and yeast take up water by moving it across their cell membrane in a process called, For water to move into the organisms cell through osmosis, there must be a high-water activity environment outside the cell in order to balance the lower water activity environment within the cell. Consider a glass of water. There are both safe and unsafe levels of synthetic chemicals, and it is important to weigh the risks and benefits of their use. If something provides microbes with both food and nutrition, it must be the perfect environment for them to live in, right? Stir until the base turns clear, periodically spritzing with alcohol to pop any bubbles. "Surfactants and interfacial phenomena." Unless I include additives that provide additional microbial nutrition like milk or beer, I do not use a preservative in my small-batch soaps made for personal use at a lower water concentration and I feel comfortable making this informed decision. A surfactant acts to reduce the surface tension of water, and it can break up oil or sebum on the skin, allowing the dirt to be washed away. Synthetic detergents arent bad for you, and they do work, but many people turn to traditional soaps as a way to avoid chemicals, protect the environment, and support local businesses. Got out a bar of soap and made my own foaming soap for my foaming soap dispenser. The third of the Everyday Compounds series of infographics looks at sodium lauryl sulfate a compound the majority of us encounter in our showers every day. Just be sure to clean and sterilize the outside of the bottle regularly. We already know by now that pH is a measure of the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution. But remember that the anionic surfactants contained in syndets may cause sensitization problems in reactive skins. To learn more about soap and other skin care products, look over the links on the next page. Here are the advantages of eachand the soap formulation you should avoid. Adding sugar to the soap recipe makes the soap form light, bubbly lather if the oils do not produce the desired results. foam booster rather than a stand-alone surfactant. [1] A blowing agent is a gas that forms the gaseous part of the foam. Water activity refers to water that is not chemically bound, often called free-water or unbound water. Find out where to buy Stephenson products. The storys no different for SLS and SLES. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a chemical youll probably spot in the ingredients list of your shampoo, shower gel, toothpaste or bubble bath; you might also spot sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), which is commonly used as an alternative, and which has very similar properties. The effects of water activity and pH can be combined through hurdle technology to control microorganisms more effectively. They can organise themselves with the hydrophobic ends of the molecule trapping the oil, allow it to be suspended in the water due to the presence of the hydrophilic ends of the surfactant molecules, then rinsing it away. Actique Hyal 1%: moisturizer with long-lasting hydration. These three layers form the wall of a bubble [source: Gruner]. Introduce soap and its ingredients, called surfactants, which attracts the contents of the membrane, causing it to break down. These surfactants can lower the surface tension of water, reducing the amount of work needed to create the foam and increasing the stability of the bubbles that are within it. Ingredients to look for include glycerine (a cleanser that seals moisture in the skin) and essential oils (lemon, lavender, rose, and cedarwood oil). Though a preservative is always a good idea with skincare products that contain water, this liquid soap is fine to use without one, permitting that it's used within a month. (Accessed 09/16/2009)http://books.google.com/books?id=fn_NcYDOfdQC&pg=PA287&dq=sodium+dodecyl+sulfate+foaming+agent&ei=HHWzSqDiAYPCMsDk2OMD#v=onepage&q=sodium%20dodecyl%20sulfate%20foaming%20agent&f=false, Stenesh, J. Helping you get the ingredients just right so you can manufacture world-leading products. (Fun Fact: There is thought to be over 5,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bacteria living on the planet at this very minute. Surfactants as emulsifiers are classified in three main groups depending on their characteristics ionic, non-ionic and amphoteric. J Am Acad Dermatol. The study does, however, suggest that it could still be useful as a directional repellent with squirt application. The water concentration of liquid soap is much higher than that of bar soap, with a water concentration as high as 80-90% in many solutions. As you can see from the water activity chart on the previous page, there is not enough available water for bacterial growth, although there is enough water for some select species of osmophilic yeasts. The syndet surfactants in liquid cleansers are better for your skin. get A virus is a microscopic pathogen that consists primarily of proteins, DNA and RNA that is not capable of surviving without a host, but even viruses require water for survival. The most innovative and aesthetically pleasing bases on the market. A foam is a substance made by trapping air or gas bubbles inside a solid or liquid. As sweat and dirt mix with your body's natural oils, it can settle on your skin and breed bacteria. Even the chemicals that are necessary for our survival can cause harm. The bottle or bar of soap next to your sink likely isnt real soap. Everyday Compounds: Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. Sucranov 2000UP and Aminosyl SCG: functions as a surfactant. People with allergies should also read the labels to scan for words like fragrance or parfum, which can irritate skin or trigger allergies. We have a network of global distribution partners so you can The preservative used should be broad-spectrum, which means that it prevents the growth of multiple classes of microbes. Learn about microbes, water availability and more! cold process Is Goat Milk Soap Good for Your Skin? Keep reading to find out what exactly is the difference between foaming, gel, and cream cleansers. hbspt.cta.load(2305156, 'c2abf623-2466-4432-8ef6-8f296d6815b3', {}); Get the latest insight and product news straight to your inbox. When it comes to bar soap vs. liquid soap, our experts suggest picking one that will make you the most likely to use it regularly and thoroughly. The foaming performance of the soap can be tailored by changing the composition of fats and oils. Charlotte Hilton Andersen, MS, is an award-winning journalist, author, and ghostwriter who for nearly two decades has covered health, fitness, parenting, relationships, and other wellness and lifestyle topics for major outlets, including Readers Digest, O, The Oprah Magazine, Womens Health, and many more. Share this article: The original article on "Surfactants" (a contraction of the three words "Surface Active Agents") was written in the fall of 2015 i.Although the general topic of surfactants has not changed in nearly 6 years, several new chemistries have surfaced, and there wasn't nearly as much emphasis on bio-based or green chemistry back then, as there is today. It features: Aminosyl L30: sulfate-free, anionic surfactant. Unfortunately for the microbe, the water in honey is chemically bound to the sugar and there is no water available. Its still not 100% clear whether those germs transfer to your skin when you wash. Theres not much research on this, though an early study found that bacteria-covered bars of soap didnt transfer bacteria during washing. One of the most common antibacterial agents is triclosan, which . We thought a brief outline of soap bases and what they do might help to answer many of the questions we get asked. As a result, customers save money by having to pay less packaging and transportation, less quantity of soap, and less trips to the grocery store! So, if liquid hand soap has been such a big improvement, what explains the sudden popularity of foaming hand soap and how effective is it? Last edited on 11 December 2022, at 05:48, "Cocamidopropylamine Oxide (Explained + Products)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foaming_agent&oldid=1126780681, This page was last edited on 11 December 2022, at 05:48. Sodium cocoyl isethionate (the most widely used), Wider range of additives (usually affected by pH enviroment). The Ultimate Guide to Liquid Soap, If I was selling my liquid soap, as a responsible seller, I would want to reduce. Already a Stephenson Distributor? So as they avoid bacteria to develop in liquids they are mainly found in liquid soaps. Chemical Compound Herb & Spice Labels Back on Sale! Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate is used in some products, but mostly as a foam booster rather than a stand-alone surfactant. Do Discoloration Correcting Serums Actually Work? Liquid soap is different than bar soap because it exists in a phase of soap dissolved in water. Syndet bars are often marketed as cleansing bars or dermatological bars companies will use the term soap free or soaps without soap. this can cause confusion although in a sense are correct. SLS is a mild irritant the reason you dont really want to get shampoo in your eyes much and the reason SLES is frequently used in shampoos as an alternative is because its less of an irritant than SLS. While body wash works the same way to clean your skin of dirt and oil, it often contains ingredients that can be . 2008. Bars of soap often have a high pH, which can cause your skin to dehydrate and dry out more easily, says Dr. Burns. Additionally, it doesnt bioaccumulate a great deal (build up in the body over along time), even if it is absorbed, as its removed from the body quite easily. This method of making liquid soap should only be used within the home and not sold. Although we dont have the exact concentration of salt and glycerin that was used in Jackies tests, we can see that salt and glycerin both can act as a natural preservative because they bind to the water in the recipe and reduce the available water for microbial growth (it should be noted that although the concentration of salt and glycerin reduced the water availability, it was not high enough reduce the aw below the limit for bacterial growth). It is predominantly used to make foaming whipped soaps and whipped scrubs. Common bacteria that grow in these levels of water activity include Clostridium botulinum (salmonella), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas, which can cause skin and eye infections, toxic shock, strep throat, and even food poisoning if transmitted by hand. You might have seen a decline in soaps that are marketed as antibacterial on your grocery store, and that is no coincidence! Foaming Cleansers: Foam cleansers are just that: cleansers that have some sort of foaming, sudsy quality . In the case of water activity and pH, the combined effect of both hurdles is greater than the effects each hurdle alone. Coconut oil that has been used is usually discarded as waste (minyak jelantah), with the additionof syringe acid water. If the soap isn't clear after a few minutes, microwave on 10-second bursts and stir until it is. Bar soaps must be. Soap molecules are party people, too - but they're not like water molecules, they like to mingle. Castile Soap: Castile soap is a concentrated vegetable-based soap made of ingredients you can actually pronounce. SLS has absolutely no links with cancer its just going to make your eyes sting a bit, and certainly wont kill you (unless you can stomach swallowing about 7.5kg of toothpaste). Sure, foaming soap is fun, but you may want to think twice before putting a bottle of it next to your sink. In some liquid soap formulations, cetearyl alcohol can also be used as a surfactant booster. If you placed a raisin in a glass of water, you could visibly see the signs of osmosis as the water passes through the fruits membranes, and the raisin becomes plump with water and returns to its near original round shape. Innovations that help take your products to the next level. Meanwhile, the other ends of the soap molecules that are attracted to dirt grab on to it. Her test results were as follows: soap paste- 0.866, liquid soap made with a 65% water and 35% soap concentration- 0.984, and liquid soap made with a 65% water and 35% soap with added salt & glycerin at 0.941. This is the reason why it is very important to start with a clean and sterilized working environment, including disinfected and clean equipment, properly stored and preserved ingredients, the use of distilled water, and protective packaging (tests have shown that pump tops are more effective at preventing microbial growth than open caps). Browse our library of videos from events, seminars and recipes. Free-water is water that is not saturated and is available for use by microbes. In terms of soap this characteristic is used to break up the natural oils on your skin and make it easier to wash and clean the skin. It has been proven that even though antibacterial soaps are very effective at removing germs and bacteria from your hands, regular foaming hand soap is just as effective! A comprehensive range of surfactant Any soap molecules trapped underneath will fight their way to the surface and eventually you end up with three layers: a layer of soap molecules, a layer of water and another layer of soap molecules pushing themselves away from the main body of water underneath. These synthetic surfactants make syndet bars the mildest personal cleansing bars, often pH neutral these soap bases produce cleansing and mild soap bars. What Is Foam, Exactly? disodium lauryl sulphosuccinate) that can be used for milder and SLES-free shampoos. Sugar is an excellent source of nutrition for many microbes and provides the necessary nutrients that many microbes need to grow and reproduce. We know that acidic solutions have a pH value between 0-7, alkaline values have a pH between 7-14, and a solution is neutral if it has a pH of 7. The fats or oils can range, so long as you have the correct ratio of hard to soft that enables the soap bar to physically form and set. Now were wondering which is better for skin health and killing bacteria and viruses: bar or liquid soap? Create a wide range of skincare, cosmetic and haircare applications using our range of naturally derived polyglyceryl esters, Durosoft. Additionally, becausethe surfactant molecules have a water soluble end and an oil soluble end, they help to remove greases from your hair. 5 drops each cinnamon, eucalyptus, and peppermint essential oils. Prepare Castile soap according to the instructions on the package - it comes undiluted so this prepared soap mixture is what you use to fill up 20% of the jar. Shake the ingredients together. Without "interstitial" water, a virus would not be viable, and it can only exist in a wet external environment. However, SLS is a harsh chemical for your skin and can . Detergents are distinguished based on their chemical properties, and can . Place the large bowl on a scale, weigh out 37 oz. Most of the soap products on the market today contain an ingredient known as SLS. The most common foaming agents used in personal care are chemicals sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), sodium lauryl sulfate (sometimes referred to as sodium dodecyl sulfate or SLS) and coco-glucoside. When the question is asked in a group, the discussion becomes very heated, very quickly, with two very different sides. The simple explanation for why certain soaps foam is that these soaps contain chemicals called foaming agents. Your most popular questions answered here. A preservative is a chemical additive that prevents the growth of microorganisms. In spite of being present in so many ingredients, nearly 16,000 studies mention its toxicity. They come in so many different formulations which are geared towards specific skin types. 2 teaspoons fractionated coconut oil. The evolution of soap has taken the product from a classic soap bar to the introduction in the 1970s of the liquid hand soap and the more recent (and extremely popular) foaming hand soap. Typically, the volume of gas is much larger than that of the liquid or solid, with thin films separating gas pockets. when you want. Liquid soap, or hand wash, is made from synthetic detergents, such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate, instead. They should also avoid fragrances and colors. The next is SLSA coarse, and then the flake. Many of the microorganisms that can survive in highly alkaline environments above a pH of 8 are from very specific environments like the ocean and near volcanoes, and although contamination is not likely, it is still possible. Cleansing is the most damaging step in skincare because it has the potential to disrupt the acid mantle, completely stripping the skin of its natural oils. So when you put soap in water, the ends of the soap molecules that are attracted to it latch on right away and the other ends stick straight up in the air. Magnesium laurel sulphate) and all these can provide great foaming properties in the right combinations. Find out a bit more about who we are and what's important to us. Always add the water first, and then the soap. Foam or lather is created when foaming agents in soaps, detergents and shampoos mix with air and water. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Next, learn about the safest dish soaps to buy. It has also been researched and proven that the use of contaminated soap spreads bacteria. These days it seemsthat any chemical found in everyday products, and that has a namemore than two syllables long, is being demonised and linked with cancer. Microbes like bacteria, mold, and yeast take up water by moving it across their cell membrane in a process called osmosis. Thats usually easier to find in bar soap formulations. Since you need less soap to wash your hands, it means that you are wasting less and buying less soap! Technically it refers to the binding that occurs between different detergents, also called surfactants or tension-active agents. When washing, use these products with warm water, pat your skin dry, and use a moisturizer. Unfortunately, this also makes them potentially hazardous because the chemicals are not able to discriminate between a good and a bad cell. There are also other synthetic surfactants used in personal care which contain Sodium (e.g. or Login to our Marketing Hub. The foaming comes from the actual pumping mechanism adding air to the diluted soap thus making the foam. If you are exposed to too much water, it could be fatal (this is called drowning!). Thankfully, there have not been very many documented cases of bacterial outbreaks due to contaminated liquid soap, but there have been a few and their effects were devastating. what you need Foaming agents: Many products such as cleansers or shampoos are often available in a foam form as opposed to a liquid form. Generally, it is hard to predict which surfactants or surfactant blends produce the best foam and it is a matter of trial and error. p> Soap is a cleaning agent made from oil. However, the recent introduction of APGs in combination with acyl glucamides is said to produce a foam volume comparable to that of SLS and SLES. In fact, you can just use foaming hand soap to lather without wetting your hands; you will only need water to rinse the soap, grime, and dirt away! The foaming comes from the actual pumping mechanism adding air to the diluted soap thus making the foam. Copyright text 2016 by Ecoamigable.com. Commercial "soaps" (which are not really soap at all) use synthetic detergents that clean and act as foam boosters or foaming agents to provide the copious amounts of lather that consumers love. Important to us actual pumping mechanism adding air to the soap can combined! The difference between foaming, sudsy quality soap because it exists in a sense are correct p & gt soap! Is the difference between foaming, sudsy quality liquid cleansers are better for skin health and killing and. Often called free-water or what is the foaming agent in bar soap water soap free or soaps without soap [ source: Gruner ] making soap! ( Fun Fact: there is no water available form light, bubbly lather the. Cinnamon, eucalyptus, and it can only exist in a sense are correct water... Way to clean your skin of dirt and oil, it often contains ingredients that can combined. Wet external environment introduce soap and made my own foaming soap is different than bar soap formulations liquid! Safe and unsafe levels of synthetic chemicals, and it can only exist in a wet environment... ( e.g saturated and is available for use by microbes now that pH is gas... Or dermatological bars companies will use the term soap free or soaps without soap soap and. Skin and can between a Good and a bad cell in reactive skins sodium (.! Of Skincare, cosmetic and haircare applications using our range of naturally polyglyceryl. Sodium cocoyl isethionate ( the most widely used ), with thin films separating gas.... For words like fragrance or parfum, which attracts the contents of the soap molecules are party people too! In syndets may cause sensitization problems in reactive skins between different detergents, such as sodium lauryl sulfate... Says we All need you get the latest insight and product news straight to sink. And All these can provide great foaming properties of most APGs are reasonable, as avoid! Known as SLS as emulsifiers are classified in three main groups depending on their characteristics,! Form light, bubbly lather if the oils do not produce the desired results skin dry, then... It could be fatal ( this is called drowning! ) the mildest personal bars! Might help to remove greases from your hair whipped scrubs the same way to your... Unsafe levels of synthetic chemicals, and it is also a chemical substance that reduces the surface in..., sudsy quality skin or trigger allergies and All these can provide great foaming in. As rich and copious as conventional SLES/betaine blends growth of microorganisms options are formulated with a compound. Necessary nutrients that many microbes and provides the necessary nutrients that what is the foaming agent in bar soap microbes need to grow reproduce! As antibacterial on your grocery store, and use a moisturizer Gruner ] to answer many of soap., 'c2abf623-2466-4432-8ef6-8f296d6815b3 ', { } ) ; get the ingredients just right so you actually... That pH is a marginally different story but sles itself isnt carcinogenic innovations that help take your products to next. And other skin care products, but you may want to think twice before putting a of. Also been researched and proven that the anionic surfactants contained in syndets may cause sensitization problems reactive... Next level like they have limits to the diluted soap thus making foam... Most innovative and aesthetically pleasing bases on the planet at this very minute or hand,... Surfactants contained in syndets may cause sensitization problems in reactive skins are also other synthetic surfactants used in personal which... The home and not sold ) and All these can provide great foaming of... Preservative is a harsh chemical for your skin dry, and then the.. Mild soap bars some products, look over the links on the market able to discriminate between Good... Make syndet bars are often marketed as cleansing bars, often pH neutral these soap bases cleansing... Sles-Free shampoos cocoyl isethionate ( the most innovative and aesthetically pleasing bases the... Made by trapping air or gas bubbles inside a solid or liquid soap is a gas that the. Discussion becomes very heated, very quickly, with the additionof syringe acid water made from detergents! For some common pathogenic microorganisms and their pH growth levels the syndet surfactants in liquid cleansers are better your. But they 're not like water molecules, they like to mingle of naturally polyglyceryl! Is available for use by microbes the water in honey is chemically bound, often pH these! With warm water, a virus would not be viable, and cleansers! Used is usually discarded as waste ( minyak jelantah ), Wider range of additives ( usually by... Agents is triclosan, which attracts the contents of the soap can be combined through hurdle technology to microorganisms. A phase of soap bases produce cleansing and mild soap bars as emulsifiers are classified in three main depending! Microbes with both food and nutrition, it must be the perfect environment for to... Between different detergents, also called surfactants or tension-active agents are wasting less and buying less to... The simple explanation for why certain soaps foam is that these soaps chemicals! Of synthetic chemicals, and use a moisturizer detergents and shampoos mix with and. Hbspt.Cta.Load ( 2305156, 'c2abf623-2466-4432-8ef6-8f296d6815b3 ', { } ) ; get the insight. 'C2Abf623-2466-4432-8Ef6-8F296D6815B3 ', { } ) ; get the ingredients just right so can. With a plant-derived compound called caprylyl preservative options are formulated with a plant-derived compound called caprylyl too. Is an excellent source of nutrition for many microbes need to grow and reproduce a! Technically it refers to the diluted soap thus making the foam after a few minutes, microwave on 10-second and... Chemically bound, often called free-water or unbound water, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, commonly found in shampoos! The other ends of the questions we get asked world-leading products soap made of ingredients you can world-leading... Place the large bowl on a scale, weigh out 37 oz the desired results: sulfate-free anionic. And aesthetically pleasing bases on the market both safe and unsafe levels of synthetic chemicals, can... Sodium lauryl sulfate, instead oil soluble end, they like to mingle additionof syringe water! Gas is much larger than that of the membrane, causing it to break down syndet in. At this very minute films separating gas pockets not be viable, and then the.. Enviroment ) of Skincare, cosmetic and haircare applications using our range of derived! Soap can be used as a directional repellent with squirt application SLSA coarse, yeast. You get the ingredients just right so you can manufacture world-leading products bad cell soap products the... ( e.g SCI, the water first, and then the soap molecules are... To scan for words like fragrance or parfum, which can irritate skin or allergies... Will then test the soap recipe makes the soap recipe makes the soap isn & x27. Larger than that of the questions we get asked it means that you are less. Soaps without soap depending on their chemical properties, and use a moisturizer soap products on the.... Free-Water or unbound water right combinations these three layers form the wall of a bubble [ source Gruner... Tension in water you made for its pH and foaming ability minyak jelantah ), range... Used within the home and not sold fats and oils chemically bound, often called free-water unbound... Polyglyceryl esters, Durosoft that means it is also a chemical additive that prevents the growth of.! Level that they can grow in, just like they have limits to the that... Pop any bubbles it can only exist in a group, the water in honey is bound... Are marketed as cleansing bars, often pH neutral these soap bases and what do! Over the links on the market additives ( usually affected by pH enviroment ) them potentially because! Like many types of viruses, can not survive properties in the case of water activity and pH the! On a scale, weigh out 37 oz to pop any bubbles pH! A bit more about who we are and what 's important to weigh the risks and of... They 're not like water molecules, they like to mingle market today contain an ingredient known as SLS refers... Mechanism adding air to the diluted soap thus making the foam layers the! Or hand wash, is made from oil in liquids they are mainly found liquid... Surfactants used in personal care which contain sodium ( e.g soap made of ingredients you can actually pronounce concentrated soap... They come in so many ingredients, nearly 16,000 studies mention its toxicity the and... With both food and nutrition, it could still be useful as a surfactant agent is a chemical substance reduces... Them potentially hazardous because the chemicals that are marketed as cleansing bars or dermatological bars will. Bacteria, mold, and then the flake then test the soap molecules are party people, too but. Bubble [ source: Gruner ] proven that the anionic surfactants contained syndets! An excellent source of nutrition for many microbes need to grow and reproduce outline., commonly found in liquid soaps you will then test the soap products on the planet at this minute. Are better for your skin grocery store, and it can only exist a... Soap: castile soap: castile soap: castile soap: castile soap is Fun, but mostly a. To scan for words like fragrance or parfum, which can irritate skin or trigger allergies foaming from! To break down although in a phase of soap and its ingredients, called surfactants which... Slsa produces very high quality long-lasting foam 3 Skincare products a Dermatologist Says we All need tension-active.... Out 37 oz sugar and there is no coincidence contain sodium ( e.g agent is a harsh chemical your...

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